双通道调制叶绿素荧光仪——DUAL-PAM-100

主要功能

• 单独或同步测量叶绿素荧光和 P700

• 两个光系统的诱导动力学曲线（包括快相和慢相）

• 两个光系统的快速光曲线和光响应曲线

• 淬灭分析、暗驰豫分析

• 典型的 P700 曲线测量

• 通过叶绿素荧光和 P700 的同步测量获知两个光系统的电子传递动力学、电子载体库的大小、围绕 PSI 的环式电子传递动力学等

• 通过测量 P515/535 信号变化测量跨膜质子动力势 pmf 及其组分跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH 和跨膜电位 Δψ

• “P515 Flux”信号能原位反映活体样品处于稳态的偶联电子和质子的流动速率

• 通过测量 NADPH 荧光估算 NADP 的还原程度

• 通过测量 9-AA 荧光来估算跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH

测量参数

• PS II参数： Fo, Fm, F, Fm’, Fv/Fm, Y(II) 即 △F/Fm’, Fo’, qP, qL, qN, NPQ, Y(NPQ), Y(NO) 和 ETR(II) 等

• PS I参数： P700, Pm, Pm’, P700ox, Y(I), Y(ND), Y(NA) 和 ETR(I) 等

• P515/535参数：质子动力势pmf，跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH，跨膜电位 Δψ 等

• NADPH/9-AA参数：NADP 的还原程度，ΔpH 等

• 其他测量参数：Post-Illumination（鼓包），PQ-Pool（PQ库）等

应用领域

相当于两台 PAM-101/ 102/ 103 的功能，可同时测量光系统II活性（调制叶绿素荧光）和光系统I活性（P700 吸收变化），可用于、植物生理学、农学、林学、园艺学等领域光合作用机理研究。

扩展模块 P515/535 可测量跨膜质子动力势 pmf 及其组分跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH 和跨膜电位 Δψ 等，是叶绿素循环和光保护研究的强大工具。

扩展模块NADPH/9-AA，可测量 NADPH 荧光和 9-AA 荧光，估算 NADP 的还原程度和跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH。

主要技术参数

• 主机：通用型（DUAL-C），可接标准检测器，可扩展 P515/535，NADPH/9AA 等多种模块。

• P700 双波长测量光：LED，830 nm 和 875 nm

• PSII 荧光测量光：LED，460 nm（DUAL-DB）或 620 nm（DUAL-DR）

• 红色光化光：LED 阵列，635 nm；ZD连续光强 3000 μmol m^-2 s^-1

• 蓝色光化光：LED，460 nm；ZD连续光强 1100 μmol m^-2 s^-1

• 单周转饱和闪光（ST）：200000 μmol m^-2 s^-1，5～50 μs 可调

• 多周转饱和闪光（MT）：20000 μmol m^-2 s^-1，1～1000 ms 可调

• 远红光：720nm

选购指南

一、高等植物叶片测量基本款

系统组成：通用型主机，标准版检测单元，数据线，工作台，软件等

注意：高等植物叶片测量红光检测器（Dual-DR）和蓝光检测器（Dual-DB）可任选其一

二、悬浮样品测量基本款

系统组成：通用型主机，标准版检测单元，悬浮液的光学单元，数据线，工作台，软件等

注意：藻类测量时，蓝藻请选择红光检测器（Dual-DR），其他藻类可选蓝光检测器（Dual-DB）

三、其他扩展模块

扩展测量一：P515/535模块

	P515/535 模块是 WALZ 公司为 DUAL-PAM-100 设计的测量模块，可以直接连接 DUAL-PAM-100 的主机，测量 550-510 nm 的差式吸收以及 535 nm 波长的信号变化。P515/535 模块可以测量光合器官的跨膜质子动力势（pmf）、跨膜电位（Δψ）、跨膜质子梯度（ΔpH）和玉米黄素（Zea）变化等内容。此外，该模块还提供一种特殊的 “P515 Flux” 操作模式，可让光化光以光-暗脉冲形式打开-关闭（1/1调制光/暗），原位测量活体样品处于稳态的偶联电子和质子的流动速率。
	通过测量 P515 变化得出质子动力势（pmf）两个组分 Δψ 和 ΔpH	通过测量535 nm变化得出质子动力势（pmf）及其组分ΔpH	同步测量P515和535 nm信号的光响应曲线

扩展测量二：NADPH/9-AA 模块

NADPH/9-AA 模块是 WALZ 公司为 DUAL-PAM-100 设计的测量模块，可以直接连接 DUAL-PAM-100 的主机，测量 NADPH 荧光和 9-AA 荧光。NADPH 荧光可用于估算 NADP 的还原程度，9-AA 荧光用于估算跨膜质子梯度 ΔpH。该模块的一个很大特色是与标准探头联用，在国际上DY次做到了同步测量叶绿素荧光与 NADPH 荧光。

NADPH 探头图示		同步测量 NADPH 荧光（蓝色）与叶绿素荧光（红色）

扩展测量三：与光合仪 GFS-3000 联用

同步测量 P700、叶绿素荧光与气体交换 同步测量 P700、叶绿素荧光与气体交换的暗-光诱导曲线 同步测量 P700、叶绿素荧光与气体交换的光响应曲线和 CO2 响应曲线 典型的气体交换测量，如光合作用、蒸腾作用、呼吸作用 典型的叶绿素荧光测量，如诱导曲线、快速光曲线、淬灭分析、暗驰豫等 典型的 P700 曲线测量 叶绿素荧光与 P700 的快速诱导动力学等 编程进行复杂的同步或独立测量 可升级增加同步测量 P515/535 的功能	专为 DUAL-PAM-100 与 GFS-3000 的同步测量设计，由特制叶室（带温度和PAR传感器）、风扇、导光杆、电子盒与支架构成。同步测量时，光源完全由 DUAL-PAM-100 的测量头提供，气体交换由 GFS-3000 的红外分析器检测，P700 和叶绿素荧光由 DUAL-PAM-100 的检测器测量。

四、其他可选附件

1，Dual-DPD：单独的光电二极管检测器单元，通过导光杆连接到 ED‑101US/MD 上，配置 NADPH 模块时推荐选配。

2，Dual-DPM：单独的光电倍增管检测器单元，用于较稀的悬浮液荧光测量，需要装配到 ED-101US/MD 上使用。必须要同时配置测量头 DUAL-DB 或 DUAL-DR 来激发调制荧光。

3，ED-101US/T： 控温装置，安装在 ED-101US/MD 上，为悬浮液控温；可外接循环水浴来控温,

4，US-SQS/WB： 球状微型光量子探头，可插入样品杯中测量 PAR；由主机 DUAL-C 控制。

5，PHYTO-MS：磁力搅拌器，连接到光学单元 ED-101US/MD 的底部对悬浮液进行搅拌。

6，DUAL-OP：拟南芥等小叶片测量用适配器，特制透光小孔适配器套装，直径 7 mm、5 mm 和 3 mm，对于拟南芥等小叶片的 P700 测量非常重要！

产地：德国 WALZ

参考文献

数据来源：光合作用文献 Endnote 数据库，更新至 2021 年 1月，文献数量超过 10000 篇

原始数据来源：Google Scholar

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