Interfacial polymerization of thin film nanocomposites: A new concept for reverse osmosis membranes
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作者:AlbertoTiraferria,KaiLoonChenb,RajandreaSethia,MenachemElimelechb (aDITAGDipartimentodiIngegneriadelTerritorio,dell’AmbienteedelleGeotecnologie,PolitecnicodiTorino,CorsoDucadegliAbruzzi,24,10129,Torino,Italy bDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,EnvironmentalEngineeringProgram,YaleUniversity,NewHaven,CT06520-8286,USA) 摘要:Injectionofnanoscalezero-valentiron(NZVI)ispotentiallyapromisingtechnologyforremediationofcontaminatedgroundwaters.However,theefficiencyofthisprocessissignificantlyhinderedbytherapidaggregationoftheironnanoparticles.Theaimofthisstudywastoenhancethecolloidalstabilityofthenanoparticlesthroughtheadditionofthe“green”polymerguargum.Weevaluatedthepropertiesofguargumanditsinfluenceonthesurfaceproperties,particlesize,aggregation,andsedimentationofironnanoparticles.Commercialironnanoparticlesweredispersedinguargumsolutions,andtheiraggregationandsedimentationbehaviorswerecomparedtothoseofbareironnanoparticlesandcommercialnanoparticlesmodifiedwithabiodegradablepolymer(polyaspartate).Highperformancesizeexclusionchromatography,chargetitration,andviscosityassessmentshowedthatguargumisahighmolecularweightpolymerwhichisnearlyneutrallycharged,renderingitsuitableforstericstabilizationoftheironnanoparticles.Electrophoreticmobilitymeasurementsdemonstratedtheabilityofguargumtoadsorbonthenanoparticles,formingaslightlynegativelychargedlayer.Dynamiclightscatteringexperimentswereconductedtoestimatetheparticlesizeofthedifferentnanoparticlesuspensionsandtodeterminetheaggregationbehavioratdifferentionicstrengths.Guargumeffectivelyreducedthehydrodynamicradiusofthebarenanoparticlesfrom500nmtolessthan200nmandpreventedaggregationofthenanoparticlesevenatveryhighsaltconcentrations(0.5MNaCland3mMCaCl2).Sedimentationprofilesofthedifferentnanoparticlesuspensionsconfirmedtheimprovedstabilityoftheironnanoparticlesinthepresenceofguargum.Theresultsstronglysuggestthatguargumcanbeusedtoeffectivelydeliverstabilizedzero-valentironnanoparticlesforremediationofcontaminatedgroundwateraquifers. 关键词:Zero-valentironnanoparticles;Guargum;Greenpolymers;Aggregation;Stericstabilization;Groundwaterremediation;DLS;Particlesize
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