植物乙烯气体监测系统——ETD

主要功能

本系统是检出限和灵敏度很高的乙烯监测系统，主要用于植物研究相关的乙烯气体监测，如种子发芽、植物生长发育、开花生理、植物器官衰老、基因表达、植物病原体相互作用、植物激素间相互作用、蔬果收货后保藏、植物抗逆性研究（干旱、高温、重金属）等。

其中乙烯气体检测仪 ETD-300 采用先进的激光技术（光声学原理），即样品乙烯在光声腔吸收激光后释放热使光声腔内部产生压力，随激光频率增减形成能被微型麦克风检测到的压力差，而乙烯浓度越高压力差越大，从而据声波强度差可实时快速测量乙烯气体（C₂H₄）JD浓度；阀门控制箱 VC-6 完全自动化和电脑控制，接一个即可以使单个气体检测仪实现6个样品的自动切换测量，单个乙烯气体检测仪可以接一个或多个阀门控制箱；烃分解器 CAT-1 则利用铂金颗粒催化烃氧化分解为水蒸气和 CO₂，为系统提供无烃干扰的样品空气。

测量参数

测量参数：乙烯浓度（ppbv）、气体流速（l/h）、背景值、模拟输入（V）

计算参数：乙烯产量（nl/h）

连续流动测定（左）和积累测定（右）的乙烯监测数据图

应用领域

用于环境、医学、农业、工业、生态、生物等监测领域。特别适合植物生理、发育研究的超灵敏乙烯测量。

主要技术参数

选购指南：

6通道监测系统组成如下：

乙烯气体检测仪ETD-300 + 阀门控制箱VC-6 + 烃分解器CAT-1

注：系统中 3 个仪器都可以单独使用

可酌情选择单通道系统：乙烯气体检测仪 ETD-300+ 烃分解器 CAT-1。

产地：荷兰Sensor Sense

应用举例

1.1 乙烯测定在高温胁迫研究中的应用举例

实验内容简介：以生长 3 周的拟南芥野生型 Col-0，突变体 NahG 和 opr3 植株为材料，研究了其高温胁迫下的乙烯释放。其中，野生型 Col-0 高温胁迫（38℃）下，电导率（电解质渗透率）、水杨酸和茉莉酸含量和乙烯释放增加；突变体 NahG 和 opr3 高温胁迫（38℃）下电导率、茉莉酸和乙烯释放也增加，但都低于野生型 Col-0，而高温胁迫后恢复阶段（水中 22℃）电导率明显高于 Col-0。研究结果表明：高温胁迫下，乙烯迅速产生，其生产受到茉莉酸和水杨酸的调控。总的来说，茉莉酸与水杨酸协同调节植物对高温胁迫的耐受，而乙烯主要加快细胞死亡；突变体 NahG 和 opr3 比野生型 Col-0 的耐热性差，细胞死亡多。

图1 高温处理下拟南芥植株的水杨酸（a）、电导率（b、c）和乙烯释放（d、e）

WT：拟南芥野生型；突变株opr3 ；突变株NahG以及培养基agar

Clarke, S.M., et al., Jasmonates act with salicyli c acid to confer basal thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytologist, 2009. 182(1): p. 175-187.

1.2 乙烯测定在营养缺乏（Mg）胁迫研究中的应用举例

实验内容简介：以生长5周的水培拟南芥 Col-0 植株为材料，研究了其缺镁胁迫下的乙烯释放。缺镁处理后乙烯生物合成酶基因（例如 At5g43450、At1g06620 和At2g25450）的表达水平明显上升，样品乙烯释放是对照组的两倍多，叶片中抗坏血酸 ASC 和谷胱甘肽 GSH 的氧化态比例增加。研究结果表明：植物应答缺镁胁迫存在一些独特的信号通路，且与植物激素有关，而乙烯在应答缺镁过程中发挥了关键作用；缺镁还同步增强了植物抗氧化酶活性。

表 1 镁元素缺乏处理第 8 天拟南芥新成熟叶片和根系的生理参数

DHA：ASC，氧化态脱氢抗坏血酸：抗坏血酸；GSSG : GSH，氧化型谷胱甘肽：谷胱甘肽；Ctrl，镁元素充足的植株；-Mg，镁元素缺乏的植株

Hermans, C., et al., Systems analysis of the responses to long-term magnesium deficiency and restoration in Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytologist, 2010. 187(1): p. 132-144.

1.3 乙烯测定在病菌感染研究中的应用举例

实验内容简介：以品种为 Money Maker 和 Daniela 的成熟番茄果实为材料，研究了其感染番茄灰霉病菌株 VTF1 的乙烯释放。灰霉病菌可以在体外产生乙烯，其乙烯释放与其说与分生孢子萌发相关，不如说与菌丝生长更相关，且分生孢子浓度越大真菌的乙烯释放越多。感染灰霉病的两种番茄的乙烯释放规律与灰霉病菌类似；但释放量是其 100 倍。结合受感染番茄的细胞学参数，研究结果表明：番茄-真菌系统的乙烯释放不是由番茄灰霉病菌引起的，虽说与其内部的真菌生长速率十分同步。

图 2 真菌（160 μl 悬浮液）的乙烯产量

● 1.5*108 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1 ▲ 2*107 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1 ■ 2*105 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1

图3 模拟感染和不同浓度番茄灰霉病菌感染的两种番茄的乙烯释放

A.番茄品种 Money Maker；B.番茄品种 Daniela；

○ 模拟番茄灰霉病菌感染 ● 1.5*108 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1 ▲ 2*107 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1 ■ 2*105 灰霉病菌分生孢子 ml^-1

Cristescu, S.M., et al., Ethylene Production by Botrytis cinerea In Vitro and in Tomatoes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2002. 68 (11): p. 5342-5350.

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