2010年上海世博会期间都市气溶胶特性研究
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UrbanAerosolCharacteristicsduringtheWorldExpo2010inShanghai2010年上海世博会期间都市气溶胶特性研究DuringtheWorldExposition2010,whichranfromMaytoOctober,emissioncontrolmeasureswereimplementedinShanghaiandsurroundingareastoimprovetheairquality.Thisstudyevaluatedtheeffectsofregionaltransportonaerosolcharacteristicsunderthesecontrolledlocalemissionconditionsusinnth’sworthofobservationsoftheaerosolnumbersizedistributions(10nm10μm)andthechemicalcompositionsoftheaerosols.Back-trajectoriesandaLagrangiandispersionmodelwerecombinedtoanalyzethetransportcharacteristicsofregionalandlocalairpollutionandtherelatedmechanisms.Twoclassesofaerosolswereidentifiedandcompared.ClassIwasaclearairconditionwithocean-orientedairmasses.Particlecountsinthisclassweredominatedbyparticlesinthesizerange2040nm,andNH4+wasmainlypresentintheformof(NH4)2SO4.Astrongpeakatnoontimeindicatedthattheparticleformationorgrowthprocesswaspromotedbythephotochemicalprocess.ClassIIwascharacterizedasaregionaltransportpollutionconditionwithairmassesoriginatinginthesurroundingareas.Theanalysisshowedincreasesinparticlenumberconcentrationsandtotalwatersolubleionsofabout17%and350%,respectively,comparedwithClassIepisodes.Thefractionofparticlesinthesizerange50200nmincreasedsharplytoalmost50%ofthetotalparticlecounts.Anexaminationofthediurnalpatternandmajorwatersolubleionssuggestedthattheincreaseinsizemode(50200nm)particleswasmainlyduetotheparticlegrowthprocessandthepresenceofenoughprecursorgases.NH4+waspresentintheformof(NH4)2SO4andNH4NO3.AlthoughaircontrolmeasuresduringtheWorldExposignificantlylimitedlocalemissions,ourresultsindicatethattheregionaltransportfromsurroundingcitieswasresponsibleforthehighertracegasesandparticlevolumeconcentrations,alongwiththelargenumberofAitkenmodeparticles.
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