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狼族メ小爹 2009-12-15 12:42:12 380 浏览

Anionsarecommonlyfoundintheenvironmentandbiologicalsystems.Forinstance，fluorideiswidelyusedindentalcareapplicationsandexhibitsinhibitionofcertainenzymefunctions.1Inadditi... Anions are commonly found in the environment and biological systems. For instance， fluoride is widely used in dental care applications and exhibits inhibition of certain enzyme functions.1 In addition to playing a central role in biological regulation， chloride is also a major groundwater contaminant that can corrode steel and concrete.2 Thyroid hormone synthesis largely determines iodine content.3 Acetate is a possible tracer for malignancies and has been extensively investigated in prostate cancer and its metastases.4 Phosphate ion is biologically and environmentally significant.5 Cyanide exerts adverse effects on human health as well as environment at low concentrations. Determining anions concentration is thus of primary concern in many areas， including food processing， industry， and clinic analysis.6 However， hydrophilic anions， such as F- and Cl-， form strong hydrogen bonds with protic solvents. Therefore， developing fluorescent probes based on electrostatic interactions for anions functioning in polar protic solvents is both challenging and currently infeasible. 展开

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白皙孤独思 2009-12-16 00:00:00

阴离子是普遍存在于环境和生物系统。例如，氟，广泛应用于牙科护理应用和展览某些酶YZ functions.1除了发挥ZX作用的生物规管，氯化也是一个重要的地下水污染能腐蚀钢和concrete.2甲状腺激素在很大程度上决定碘合成醋酸是一种content.3 可能示踪的恶性肿瘤，并已被广泛调查的前列腺癌及其metastases.4磷酸盐离子是生物和环境significant.5氰化物施加对人体健康产生不利影响以及环境低浓度。负离子浓度测定因此，在许多方面主要关注的，包括食品加工，工业和诊所analysis.6然而，亲水例如F阴离子，和氯离子，构成强烈氢债券与质子溶剂。因此，发展荧光静电相互作用的基础上运作的阴离子探针在极性质子溶剂，既是挑战，目前不可行。阴离子是普遍存在于环境和生物系统。例如，氟，广泛应用于牙科护理应用和展览某些酶YZ functions.1除了发挥ZX作用的生物规管，氯化也是一个重要的地下水污染能腐蚀钢和concrete.2甲状腺激素在很大程度上决定碘合成醋酸是一种content.3 可能示踪的恶性肿瘤，并已被广泛调查的前列腺癌及其metastases.4磷酸盐离子是生物和环境significant.5氰化物施加对人体健康产生不利影响以及环境低浓度。负离子浓度测定因此，在许多方面主要关注的，包括食品加工，工业和诊所analysis.6然而，亲水例如F阴离子，和氯离子，构成强烈氢债券与质子溶剂。因此，发展荧光静电相互作用的基础上运作的阴离子探针在极性质子溶剂，既是挑战，目前不可行。

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wxy7812 2009-12-16 00:00:00

系统。例如，氟，广泛应用于牙科护理应用和展览某些酶YZ functions.1除了发挥ZX作用的生物规管，氯化也是一个重要的地下水污染能腐蚀钢和concrete.2甲状腺激素在很大程度上决定碘合成醋酸是一种content.3 可能示踪的恶性肿瘤，并已被广泛调查的前列腺癌及其metastases.4磷酸盐离子是生物和环境significant.5氰化物施加对人体健康产生不利影响以及环境低浓度。负离子浓度测定因此，在许多方面主要关注的，包括食品加工，工业和诊所analysis.6然而，亲水例如F阴离子，和氯离子，构成强烈氢债券与质子溶剂。因此，发展荧光静电相互作用的基础上运作的阴离子探针在极性质子溶剂，还在研究，目前不可行。

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小女学画 2009-12-16 00:00:00

阴离子普遍存在于环境和生物系统中。比如，氟化物广泛应用于牙齿保健，并YZ某些酶的功能。1.除了在生物调节中起到关键作用外，氯化物还是地下水的重要污染源，能够腐蚀钢筋和混凝土。2.甲状腺激素合成在很大程度上决定了碘含量。3.醋酸盐是恶性肿瘤的一种可能的显示剂，在前列腺癌及其转移的作用已经被广泛研究。4.磷酸盐离子在生物和环境方面具有重要意义。5.低浓度的氰化物对人体健康和环境都会产生损害效应。因此在包括食品加工、工业和临床诊断等在内的众多领域中，测定阴离子的浓度时主要课题。6.然而，亲水离子，比如F-和Cl-，和质子溶剂形成高强度的氢键。因此，为了在极性质子溶剂中让阴离子发挥作用而开发以静电相互作用为基础的荧光探测剂不仅挑战性极大，而且目前也不可行。

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jiaojunjiaojun 2009-12-16 00:00:00

Anions are commonly found in the environment and biological systems. For instance， fluoride is widely used in dental care applications and exhibits inhibition of certain enzyme functions.1 In addition to playing a central role in biological regulation， chloride is also a major groundwater contaminant that can corrode steel and concrete.2 Thyroid hormone synthesis largely determines iodine content.3 Acetate is a possible tracer for malignancies and has been extensively investigated in prostate cancer and its metastases.4 Phosphate ion is biologically and environmentally significant.5 Cyanide exerts adverse effects on human health as well as environment at low concentrations. Determining anions concentration is thus of primary concern in many areas， including food processing， industry， and clinic analysis.6 However， hydrophilic anions， such as F- and Cl-， form strong hydrogen bonds with protic solvents. Therefore， developing fluorescent probes based on electrostatic interactions for anions functioning in polar protic solvents is both challenging and currently infeasible. 阴离子是普遍存在于环境和生物系统。例如，氟，广泛应用于牙科护理应用和展览某些酶YZ functions.1除了发挥ZX作用的生物规管，氯化也是一个重要的地下水污染能腐蚀钢和concre.2甲状腺激素在很大程度上决定碘合成醋酸是一种content.3 可能示踪的恶性肿瘤，并已被广泛调查的前列腺癌及其metastases.4磷酸盐离子是生物和环境significant.5氰化物施加对人体健康产生不利影响以及环境低浓度。负离子浓度测定因此，在许多方面主要关注的，包括食品加工，工业和诊所analysis.6然而，亲水例如F阴离子，和氯离子，构成强烈氢债券与质子溶剂。因此，发展荧光静电相互作用的基础上运作的阴离子探针在极性质子溶剂，既是挑战，目前不可行。

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阿水的 2009-12-16 00:00:00

如下： Anions are commonly found in the environment and biological systems. For instance， fluoride is widely used in dental care applications and exhibits inhibition of certain enzyme functions. 阴离子在自然环境和生物体中普遍存。例如，氟元素广泛应用于牙齿保健并表现出YZ某些酶的特征。 1 In addition to playing a central role in biological regulation， chloride is also a major groundwater contaminant that can corrode steel and concrete. 氯元素在生物体中具有重要作用，也是地下水主要污染物之一，并且腐蚀钢铁。 2 Thyroid hormone synthesis largely determines iodine content. 甲状腺激素在很大程度上决定人体内碘含量。 3 Acetate is a possible tracer for malignancies and has been extensively investigated in prostate cancer and its metastases. 醋酸有望用作恶性肿瘤的示踪药剂。人们对其与前列腺癌的关系和以及其代谢已展开广泛研究。 4 Phosphate ion is biologically and environmentally significant. 磷酸盐离子在生物和环境方面具有重要意义。 5 Cyanide exerts adverse effects on human health as well as environment at low concentrations. Determining anions concentration is thus of primary concern in many areas， including food processing， industry， and clinic analysis. 低浓度氰化物有害人体健康，对环境也不利。负离子浓度测定在食品加工、工业和临床分析中广受重视。 6 However， hydrophilic anions， such as F- and Cl-， form strong hydrogen bonds with protic solvents. 然而，F- 和 Cl- 等亲水阴离子可以与质子性溶剂结合形成键能很强的氢键。 Therefore， developing fluorescentprobes based on electrostatic interactions for anions functioning in polar protic solvents is both challenging and currently infeasible. 因此，目前研发基于质子性溶剂中静电相互作用的荧光探针难以实现，并且面临挑战。

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影云淡风轻 2009-12-16 00:00:00

阴离子在环境和生物系统中是常常发现的。例如，氟化物就广泛地应用于齿科保健应用场合，而且能呈现YZ一定的酶的功能。1 除了在生物调节方面发挥核心作用外，氯化物也是一种主要的地下水污染物，它可以腐蚀钢和混凝土。2 甲状腺激素的合成很大程度决定了碘的含量。3 醋酸盐是一种用于恶性肿瘤的可能的示踪剂，而且在前列腺癌及其转移癌方面已得到广泛的研究。4 磷酸盐离子在生物上和环境上都是很有意义的。5 氰化物在低浓度下就会对人类健康和环境施加有害的影响。因此决定阴离子的浓度在很多领域都给予了重要关注，这些领域包括食品加工、工业和临床分析。6 然而，亲水的阴离子，如F－和Cl－会与质子溶剂形成很强的氢键。因此，基于活动于极性质子溶剂中的阴离子的静电互作用来研制荧光探测剂就既具有挑战性，又是目前不可行的。7

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文献求翻译: Since the formation of a titanacyclopropane en route to cyclopropylamines can only occur with alkylmagnesium halides that contain a b-hydrogen atom， Grignard reagents without b-hydrogens appeared to be the most promising reagents for th... Since the formation of a titanacyclopropane en route to cyclopropylamines can only occur with alkylmagnesium halides that contain a b-hydrogen atom， Grignard reagents without b-hydrogens appeared to be the most promising reagents for the synthesis of primary tert-alkylamines from nitriles (Scheme 1). Thus propionitrile (1a)， phenylmagnesium bromide (2) and Ti(Oi-Pr)4 were chosen to optimize the reaction conditions. In the protocol for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines，10 Ti(Oi-Pr)4 is already present in the diethyl ether solution of a nitrile， before two equivalents of the Grignard reagent are added. As this did not appear to be optimal for the synthesis of primary tertalkylamines， the Grignard reagent was added before Ti(Oi-Pr)4. With 2 equivalents of PhMgBr， 0.1 equivalent of Ti(Oi-Pr)4， and 1 equivalent of propionitrile (1a)， the primary tert-alkylamine 8a was not formed at all. With an equimolar quantity of Ti(Oi-Pr)4， the amine 8a was produced in a low yield (11%) but with 1 equivalent of Ti(Oi- Pr)4 and 3 equivalents of the Grignard reagent 2， a 60% yield of 8a was obtained. Monitoring of the reaction by workup of aliquots of the reaction mixture showed that the first addition of 2 to form the N-magnesio derivative of the corresponding imine was rapid， whereas the subsequent second addition of the Grignard reagent 2 required heating under reflux for up to 24 hours. In tetrahydrofuran instead of diethyl ether， the amine 8a was formed in a very low yield， if at all. 展开

求翻译文献: Anionsarecommonlyfoundintheenvironmentandbiologicalsystems.Forinstance，fluorideiswidelyusedindentalcareapplicationsandexhibitsinhibitionofcertainenzymefunctions.1Inadditi... Anions are commonly found in the environment and biological systems. For instance， fluoride is widely used in dental care applications and exhibits inhibition of certain enzyme functions.1 In addition to playing a central role in biological regulation， chloride is also a major groundwater contaminant that can corrode steel and concrete.2 Thyroid hormone synthesis largely determines iodine content.3 Acetate is a possible tracer for malignancies and has been extensively investigated in prostate cancer and its metastases.4 Phosphate ion is biologically and environmentally significant.5 Cyanide exerts adverse effects on human health as well as environment at low concentrations. Determining anions concentration is thus of primary concern in many areas， including food processing， industry， and clinic analysis.6 However， hydrophilic anions， such as F- and Cl-， form strong hydrogen bonds with protic solvents. Therefore， developing fluorescent probes based on electrostatic interactions for anions functioning in polar protic solvents is both challenging and currently infeasible. 展开

求翻译英文文献: 2.2. Material Characterizations. A field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM， JEOL 6701F) was used to investigate the morphologies， particle sizes of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy and elemental compositions of the ... 2.2. Material Characterizations. A field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM， JEOL 6701F) was used to investigate the morphologies， particle sizes of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy and elemental compositions of the samples were determined by JEM-2100F (JEOL) coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX， Phoenix) system. Wide-angle and low-angle X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of the as-obtained samples were recorded on a Rigaku D/max-2500 with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.540 56 Å) operated at 40 kV and 200 mA. Raman measurements were performed using a DXR from Thermo Scientific with a laser wavelength of 532 nm. To calculate the pore size distribution and pore volumes， the nitrogen absorption and desorption isotherms were measured at 77.3 K with an Autosorb-1 specific surface area analyzer from Quantachrome. The content of N in N-doped porous carbon was determined by NHC elemental analysis using Flash EA 1112. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of S/C composite was performed on TG/DTA 6300 in an N2 flow to obtain the S content in the composite. A four-contact method was applied to measure the powder electronic conductivity of porous carbons. The powder sample was pressed to disk at 4 MPa with two stainless-steel plungers， whose resistance was measured by a Keithley 2400 digital multimeter in fourwire mode. The conductivity of the sample was calculated according to the resistance and the size of the disk. Information of the surface elements was obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) performed on the Thermo Scientific ESCALab 250Xi using 200 W monochromatic Al Kα radiation. The 500 μm X-ray spot was used for XPS analysis. The base pressure in the analysis chamber was about 3 × 10−10 mbar. All reported data of XPS binding energy are calibrated based on the hydrocarbon C 1s line at 284.8 eV from adventitious carbon. Spectra were fitted with Lorentzian−Gaussian functions and smart background using Thermo Avantage software. 展开

翻译段文献麻烦: Eventhoughfluorescentprobesforcopperionhavebeenextensivelyexploredowingtobiologicalsignificanceofthismetalion，4therearestillonlyafewexamplesof“off-on”typesensorsavailab... Even though fluorescent probes for copper ion have been extensively explored owing to biological significance of this metal ion，4 there are still only a few examples of “off-on” type sensors available in aqueous systems.5 Furthermore， only a few ratiometric fluorescent probes for Cu2+ have been found in the literature due the fluorescence quenching nature of paramagnetic Cu2+，6 and most of them were working only in pure organic solvents. Ratiometric fluorescent measurements observe changes in the ratio of the intensities of the emission at two wavelengths. Thus， ratiometric fluorescent sensors have an important feature that they can be used to evaluate the analyte concentration and provide built-in correction for environmental effects. On the other hand， rhodamine derivatives are nonfluorescent and colorless， whereas ring-opening of the corresponding spirolactam gives rise to strong fluorescence emission and a pink color. Recently， a spirolactam (nonfluorescent) to ringopened amide (fluorescent) process was utilized for the detection of metal ions.5a，b，d，e，7 We introduced rhodamine fluorophore onto the pyrene moiety， which was utilized as a selective fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for Cu2+ in aqueous solution. Among the various metal ions， the chemosensor PRC displayed highly selective ratiometric changes upon the addition of Cu2+. As expected， the pyrene moiety served successfully as a source of these ratiometric changes. As far as we are aware， PRC is the first ratiometric sensor based on rhodamine derivative. For comparison， pyrene-based compound P4 was synthesized to test the fluorescence change with Cu2+. 展开

求助，英文文献翻译！: 2. Experimental 2.1 Materials Nano-CaCO3 particles (D50: 30−70 nm by TEM (Fig. 1) and BET: ca.17m2·g-1) were supplied by Shanghai Zhuoyue Nanotech Corporation. Methyl methacrylate (MMA， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was purified ... 2. Experimental 2.1 Materials Nano-CaCO3 particles (D50: 30−70 nm by TEM (Fig. 1) and BET: ca.17m2·g-1) were supplied by Shanghai Zhuoyue Nanotech Corporation. Methyl methacrylate (MMA， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was purified by distillation under reduced pressure; potassium persulphate (K2S2O8， initiator， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was of chemical grade. Silane coupling agent A174 (γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) was purchased from Shanghai Yaohua Factory. Polyvinylchloride (PVC， WS-1000S) was supplied by Shanghai Chlor-Alkali Chemical Co.， Ltd. Fig. 1 Morphology of untreated CaCO3 nanoparticles. Fig. 2 Morphology of PMMA-coated CaCO3 nanoparticles. 2.2 PMMA emulsion polymerization on CaCO3 nanoparticles 2.2.1 Surface silanation of nano-CaCO3 particles The nano-CaCO3 particles were homogeneously dispersed in ethanol (solid content 20%) by a sonication dispersion equipment. The slurry was then heated to 80°C with stirring， and the silane coupling agent A174 (5%， calculated based on the weight of nano-CaCO3 particles) was added into the slurry. After the slurry was stirred for 120 min at 80°C， it was filtered and the filter cake was then dried at 120°C in low vacuum for 120 min to obtain silanated CaCO3 powders. 展开

求助，英文文献翻译~: PMMA has good compatibility with PVC due to specific interaction of a hydrogen bonding type between carbonyl groups (C=O) of PMMA and hydrogen from (CHCl) groups of PVC (Belhaneche-Bensemra et al.， 2002; Ramesh et al.， 2002). Zhou et al... PMMA has good compatibility with PVC due to specific interaction of a hydrogen bonding type between carbonyl groups (C=O) of PMMA and hydrogen from (CHCl) groups of PVC (Belhaneche-Bensemra et al.， 2002; Ramesh et al.， 2002). Zhou et al. (2001) studied the relationship between the coating thickness of PMMA on the surface of talc and mechanical properties of PMMA-g-talc/PVC composites， and found that there existed a critical thickness. Xie (2001) found that the PMMA coating on talc improved the dispersion of talc in the PVC matrix and enhanced the interfacial adhesion between talc and PVC. There appears to be a critical coating thickness of PMMA on the talc surface for optimum toughening. Quan et al. (2002) reported improved toughness and intension of the PVC composites filled with CaCO3/ACR core-shell complex particles prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization of acrylic ester. In the present work， PMMA coated on the surface of CaCO3 nanoparticles by in-situ emulsion polymerization was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The effects of PMMA thickness and particle fraction on the mechanical properties of PMMA-coated CaCO3 /PVC nanocomposites were also investigated. 展开

环境英语文献翻译急用: Thereisagrowinginterestindeterminingmercury(Hg)levelsinthemarineenvironmentaswellasinfishforhumanconsumption.Methylmercury(MeHg)inparticularisthemosttoxicandbioaccumulati... There is a growing interest in determining mercury(Hg) levels in the marine environment as well as in fish for human consumption. Methyl mercury(Me Hg)in particular is the most toxic and bioaccumulative form of mercury in food webs and it is the predominant chemical form making up 80%-90% of the total mercury present in fish muscle tissue.Hence，fish and other organisms at the end of the food chain constitute the major source of MeHg in the human . As outcome of this risk，MeHg has been classically monitored in fish， and methodologies for mercury speciaion have increased significantly since the early 1990s. Currently， microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has provided an efficient alternative strategy to conventional techniques for solvent extraction of a large amount of organometals compounds.The analytical techniques most frequently applied for Hg speciation analysis involve GC(GasChromatography) ， GC-CICP-MS(Gas Chromatography -CInductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) supercritical fluids chromatography (SFC)，ion chromatograph(IC)， HPLC-CCVAAS(High Performance Liqui Chromatography-Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry) or ICP-MS systems .Several authors recommended a back-extraction of mercury species from organic solvents to cysteine or sodium thiosulphate aqueous solutions .Because MeHg is the most common organomercury compound in biological materials ，here we offer a new simple and cost-effective method to determine MeHg. Basically， this method combines the microwave assisted extraction followed by clean-up with cysteine acetate solution and MeHg quantification by a direct mercury analyzer (DMA). 展开

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通信方面的英文文献翻译！！: 以下是文献的一部分，愿意帮忙的高手留下邮箱，我把文件发给你，若能完成，加分：SpatialCompressiveSensingApproachForFieldDirectionalityEstimation.I.INTRODUCTIONVarietyoft... 以下是文献的一部分，愿意帮忙的高手留下邮箱，我把文件发给你，若能完成，加分： Spatial Compressive Sensing Approach For Field Directionality Estimation. I. INTRODUCTION Variety of techniques for field directionality estimation were studied in literature [1]-[5]. Thus， a theoretical analysis of the relationship between the hydrophone array output and the noise field was conducted in [1]-[5]. The developed techniques were based on the array beamformer output or the crossspectral matrix between outputs of array elements [4]-[5]. The problem of a field directionality estimation in ocean， using horizontal line towed array was also addressed in literature [5]- [8]. Recently， problems of direction of arrival and field directionality estimation for moving sensors arrays have attracted renewed interest [9]-[12]. It was shown that an array motion can improve an array performance assuming temporal coherence of successive samples [10]-[11]. In [12]， the wavefield sampling method that exploits the linear relationship between the noise field and the collection of beamformer outputs over various array orientations was proposed. It was shown that the wavefield sampling (WS) method outperforms other tested methods. This algorithm was implemented via the recursive estimation method and its convergence to the unique solution was promised for a specific set of array orientations and beamformer look directions. However， a method for a proper array orientation and beamformer look direction sequence selection remains an open question. The quality of the field directionality estimation is determined by the angular resolution. The higher angular resolution is， the more accurate estimation of the far field sources， and better detection performance can be achieved. One of fundamental relations in the array signal processing is that the angular resolution is directly proportional to the number of the array elements [13]. This relation motivates the desire for longer arrays that can achieve higher resolution. Unfortunately， the requirement contradicts the implementation and installation limitations that motivate shorter arrays. Moreover， implementation of longer arrays for maneuvering platforms such as unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) can even be impossible [14]. These contradictions motivate the quest for alternative array signal processing methods. Usually， the field directionality is modeled as a finite set of strong far-field narrow-band sources and an isotropic lowpower noise [1]. In this work， the model of the field directionality is adopted in the following way. First， the bearing angle space is uniformly sampled into a large number of discrete angles. Next， it is assumed that ether the high energy that corresponds to the far-field strong sources or the low-energy that corresponds to the isotropic noise is received at the sensor array from every of these discrete azimuth angles. 展开

求翻译。。。。。。。。。。。: During the preparation of the nano-products， these nano-units， such as nanoparticles， nanoclusters， nanowires and nanorods， can also self-assemble into the novel structural aggregates by several routes， including electron irradiation deposi... During the preparation of the nano-products， these nano-units， such as nanoparticles， nanoclusters， nanowires and nanorods， can also self-assemble into the novel structural aggregates by several routes， including electron irradiation deposition [19]， chemical vapor deposition [20]， laser vaporization-condensation [21]， charge transferring [22]， an organic reagent-assisted method [23]， solution-liquid-solid method [24] and catalytic vapor-liquid-solid growth [25]. With these routes， various nanoscale or microscale aggregates can demonstrate novel architectures， including tree-like， web-like， spherical， nanowire-like， network and fishbone-like aggregates. As a well-known method for producing the nanocapsules， however， arc-discharge has been rarely used to synthesize the aggregates self-assembled by the nanocapsules prepared simultaneously in arc-discharge. Nevertheless， it is possible that the arc-discharge can be developed into a new way to synthesize the aggregates. In the present work， we utilized arc-discharge technique with modified strategies， involving changing the hydrogen pressure， introducing gadolinium - aluminum alloy ingot as the anode and adjusting the elements percent of the anode according to their evaporation pressure， to synthesize a new type of nanocapsules， with intermetallic compound GdAl2 as core and amorphous Al2O3 as shell， which enlarge the family of the magnetic nanocapsules. At the same time， the regularly aligned three-dimensional macro-aggregates self-assembled by the nanocapsules without any template and catalyst were simultaneously synthesized in arc-discharge process. 展开

帮忙翻译化工文献在线等拒绝使用自动翻译: Nano-sized Beta zeolites， with a crystal size of 80–100 nm， were synthesized via surface wet method. The nano-sized Hbeta zeolites exhibit much higher activity and stability in the Friedel–Crafts acylation of anisole and toluene with acet... Nano-sized Beta zeolites， with a crystal size of 80–100 nm， were synthesized via surface wet method. The nano-sized Hbeta zeolites exhibit much higher activity and stability in the Friedel–Crafts acylation of anisole and toluene with acetic anhydride than theconventional zeolites of largeparticle size.The smallcrystalsize of nano-sized zeolitesmay bringon more accessible activesites and then enhance the catalytic activity. The exposed pore openings in nano-sized zeolites allow a fast desorption of heavy products from the catalyst and can then reduce the occupancy of active sites by the adsorption of products ，this can then alleviate the catalyst deactivation and improve the catalyst stability deactivation and improve the catalyst stability. 急用在线等拒绝用自动翻译因为这个谁都会如果有超级好用的自动在线翻译或软件也可以推荐展开

CAN现场总线的英语文献和翻译: 朋友，你可以把你以前的can现场总线的英语论文和翻译发给我吗？60388153@qq.com... 朋友，你可以把你以前的can现场总线的英语论文和翻译发给我吗？60388153@qq.com 展开

求达人翻译下英文文献关于光系统Ⅱ和除草剂通顺Z重要: PhotosystemIIisthemulti-enzymaticchlorophyll-proteincomplex(water-plastoquinoneoxido-reductase)locatedinthethylakoidmembraneofalgae，cyanobacteriaandhigherplants.Itisanint... Photosystem II is the multi-enzymatic chlorophyll-protein complex (water-plastoquinone oxido-reductase) located in the thylakoid membrane of algae， cyanobacteria and higher plants. It is an integral part of the electron transport chain that catalyses primary charge separation. This protein complex consists of over 25 polypeptides， which make up a light-harvesting chlorophyll protein complex (LHCII)， a reaction centre and the water-splitting system， also called the oxygen evolving complex (OEC). The PSII complex also contains the target site of the most widely used photosynthetic herbicides."^ The preparation of a biosensor for the detection of polluting compounds is based on the specific characteristics of PSII. Under illumination PSII drives electron transfer which is inhibited by specific chemical compounds (e.g.， herbicides). Thus， the photosynthetic membrane isolated firom higher plants and photosynthetic micro-organisms， immobilised and stabilised， will serve as the biosensor biomediator. The effect of compounds that alter or inhibit photosynthetic activity， measured as oxygen evolution， electron transport or fluorescence can then be translated and monitored by amperometric or optical systems. Recent experiments that were performed by our this team resulted in amperometric， potentiometric， optical biosensors for herbicides based on isolated and immobilised PSII particles exhibiting stable biological material and a highly sensitive monitoring response (limit of detection in the nanomolar range and for diuron herbicide in the picomolar range).^'^ However， the system is specific to photosynthetic herbicides but not very selective since several classes of compounds (herbicides represented by triazines， ureas， diazines， phenols) can bind to proteins of the PSII complex， most of them to the Dl protein of the reaction centre. 展开

求化学翻译: Graphite powder (<20m)， hydrazine， ammonia， N，Ndimethylformamide (DMF)， dopamine， 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (PBS; 0.138M NaCl， 0.0027M KCl， pH 7.4)， and ascorbic acid were purchased form Aldrich and used as received. Doubly disti... Graphite powder (<20m)， hydrazine， ammonia， N，Ndimethylformamide (DMF)， dopamine， 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (PBS; 0.138M NaCl， 0.0027M KCl， pH 7.4)， and ascorbic acid were purchased form Aldrich and used as received. Doubly distilled water was used throughout the whole experiments. The data of cyclic voltammetry (CV)， differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)， and electrochemical impedance spectra were obtained with a CHI 660 electrochemical workstation (CH instruments， Austin， TX). The electrochemical cell consisted of GCE (3mm diameter， Bioanalytical Systems， Inc.) as working electrode， Ag/AgCl (Bioanalytical Systems， Inc.) as reference electrode， and platinum wire as counter electrode. The impedance data were fitted to an appropriate equivalent circuit using ZsimpWin 3.0 software (Echem Software). The Raman spectra of graphene were obtained by micro-Raman system equipped with a homemade sample stage， a monochromator (SPEX 500 M)， and a CCD camera (Roger Scientific model 7346-001) with 514.5nm wavelength laser line. Graphene was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (SUPRA 55VP， Carl Zeiss) and atomic force microscope (NanostationII， Surface Imaging Systems). 展开

求韩语翻译: 3원 촉매然 백금 같은 금속으로 된 수십 나노미터 크기의 촉매 입자가 별집 &... 3원 촉매然 백금 같은 금속으로 된 수십 나노미터 크기의 촉매 입자가 별집 모양의 틀에 발라져 있는 것입니다、求准确翻译 PS 3元催化剂是安装在汽车排气管上的展开

继续求翻译: Ethylacetate(Quimis，p.a.)，methanol(Quimis，p.a.)，sec-butanol(Merck，HPLCgrade)，oleicacid(Merck，extrapure)，hydrogenperoxide(Interox，70%，w/waqueoussolution)，aluminumoxideforc... Ethyl acetate (Quimis， p.a.)， methanol (Quimis， p.a.)， sec- butanol (Merck， HPLC grade)， oleic acid (Merck， extra pure)， hydrogen peroxide (Interox， 70%， w/w aqueous solution)， aluminum oxide for chromatography (Fluka， 0.05–0.15 mm)， aluminum oxide for column chromatography (Acros Organics， activated， acidic， 0.1–0.5 mm)， aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (Aldrich， 99.99%)， oxalic acid (Synth， p.a.)， di-n-butyl ether (Fluka， >99%) and soybean oil (Cargill) were used as received. The solution of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide (24%， w/w) in ethyl acetate was prepared from aqueous H2O2 (70%， w/w) in ethyl acetate by azeotropic distillation with a Dean-Stark apparatus [14] The products were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) using a Hewlett-Packard 5890 gas chromatograph equipped with a AT-Wax column and interfaced with a Hewlett-Packard 5971A mass spectrometer. Helium was used as the carrier gas. A similarly equipped Hewlett-Packard5890 gas chromatograph using nitrogen as the carrier gas and a flame ionization detector was used for product quantification， with the help of calibration curves. 展开

谁能帮我翻译一下这段英文文献啊: Fig. 1 shows that diamond particles are dispersed in the copper matrix. Since the diamond particles are easy to be stripped off during mechanical polishing， small pits are left on the surface of samples. When the samples were analyzed b... Fig. 1 shows that diamond particles are dispersed in the copper matrix. Since the diamond particles are easy to be stripped off during mechanical polishing， small pits are left on the surface of samples. When the samples were analyzed by electron probe for carbon， the particles displayed high carbon peaks， as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 exhibits the analyzed result for extracted product of the copper–diamond composite by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. It is shown that three dif- fraction peaks exist， shown as A， B and C， respectively. The interplanar distances corresponding to the three peaks and standard ones for diamond are compared in Table 1. The measured values of the interplanar distances are in good agreement with the standard ones， demon- strating that the extracted product should be the carbon in diamond state. Fig. 4(a) gives a TEM micrograph showing distribution and morphology of diamond particles (indicated as A， B， and C) in the copper–diamond composite. The calibration of interplanar distance for diffraction rings in Fig. 4(b) was given in Table 2. Compared to Table 1， it is also demon- strated that the calibrated interplanar distances for the diffraction rings conform to the standard ones of diamond. Therefore， it is believed that the graphitization of diamond particles hardly occurs after sintering at 1150–1220 K in the copper–diamond composite. Although diamond is a metastable allotropic modifica- tion of carbon， the graphitization of diamond particles in the copper–diamond composite did not occur， or the degree of graphitization was too small to be found. It is believed that the beginning temperature of graphi- tization would be associated with the purity of diamond powders. The impurities such as some metallic elements reduce the beginning temperature of diamond graphitiza- tion. When diamond is fabricated by the static synthesis method， Fe and Ni are often used as catalysts and are present in diamond as impurities to decrease the beginning temperature of graphitization [6]. It is understandable that both for the graphitization and its reverse reactions， their activation energies can be decreased by catalytic agents. Compared with the diamond fabricated by static synthesis， the diamond powders prepared by explosion method do not contain metallic impurities， thus leading to an obvious increase in the beginning temperature of graphitization. Hence， the detonation synthetic diamond might be more resistant to graphitization and probably suitable for the electric contact materials. 展开

高分求高手翻译，不要机械翻译: Bimetallic dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles(DENs)are important materials，because they have demonstrated improvement in performance compared to the monometallic DENs in many systems when they are used as catalysts.This tutorial review fo... Bimetallic dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles(DENs)are important materials，because they have demonstrated improvement in performance compared to the monometallic DENs in many systems when they are used as catalysts.This tutorial review focuses on the recent research advances in bimetallic DENs with respect to their synthesis，characterization，and applications as catalysts.Bimetallic DENs can be made mainly via three routes:co-complexation，sequential loading，and partial displacement.The research in bimetallic DENs has been significantly promoted by the advancement of characterization instruments.The performances of bimetallic DENs as homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis have been compared with both monometallic DENs and their physical mixtures.It is concluded that the synergistic electronic effect in bimetallic nanoparticles enhances their catalytic activities. 能翻译多少都可以的展开

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