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冷幻玉 2007-05-22 09:38:51 436 浏览

Withmorethan6millionnewmeasurementchannelssoldlastyear，NationalInstrumentsisaworldwideleaderinvirtualinstrumentation.Engineershaveusedvirtualinstrumentationformorethan25y... With more than 6 million new measurement channels sold last year， National Instruments is a worldwide leader in virtual instrumentation. Engineers have used virtual instrumentation for more than 25 years to bring the power of flexible software and PC technology to test， control， and design applications making accurate analog and digital measurements from DC to 2.7 GHz. This document provides an excellent introduction to virtual instrumentation as well as additional resources for continued research. What is virtual instrumentation? With virtual instrumentation， software based on user requirements defines general-purpose measurement and control hardware functionality. Virtual instrumentation combines mainstream commercial technologies， such as the PC， with flexible software and a wide variety of measurement and control hardware， so engineers and scientists can create user-defined systems that meet their exact application needs. With virtual instrumentation， engineers and scientists reduce development time， design higher quality products， and lower their design costs. 展开

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新华村社区5930 2007-05-23 00:00:00

本人专业对口－－国家仪器公司（或翻译成国家仪器局）在虚拟仪器技术上世界lingxian，去年它们卖出了超过六十亿件的新型测量通道．在长达25年的时间里，工程师们使用虚拟仪器，利用柔性软件和微机技术的优势来测试，控制并设计应用程序，使直流下仿真和数字测量的准确度达到了2.7兆赫兹．本文献详细的介绍了虚拟仪器以及一些研究进展资料．－－什么是虚拟仪器技术？－－采用虚拟仪器技术，基于使用者需求的软件决定了通用化测控硬件的功能．虚拟仪器技术将诸如微机，柔性软件和多种测控硬件等等联结到一起，从而工程师和科学家能够做出能够满足他们特定应用需求的系统．虚拟仪器技术使得工程师和科学家们提高了研发效率，设计出更高质低耗的产品．

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昕丫0106 2007-05-23 00:00:00

与超过6 百万种新测量渠道去年被卖，全国仪器是全世界领导在真正仪器工作。工程师使用真正仪器工作超过25 年带来灵活的软件和个人计算机技术的力量给测试、控制，和设计应用做准确模式和数字式测量由DC 对2.7 千兆赫。这个文件提供介绍对真正仪器工作并且另外的资源为持续的研究。什么是真正仪器工作? 以真正仪器工作，软件根据用户要求定义通用测量和控制硬件功能。真正仪器工作与灵活的软件结合主流商业技术，譬如个人计算机，和各种各样测量和控制硬件，因此工程师和科学家能创造适应他们确切的应用需要的用户定义的系统。以真正仪器工作，工程师和科学家减少研制时间，设计更加优质的产品，和降低他们的设计费用。

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收钻姓屏 2007-05-23 00:00:00

与多于六百万新的测量通道去年卖了，国立器具在虚拟的使用仪器中是一位全世界的ling袖。工程师已经用虚拟的使用仪器超过 25 年带着有柔性软件的力量和个人计算机技术到测试，控制，而且设计发动正确的类比和数传测量的申请从直流对 2.7个十亿赫兹。这一份文件提供对虚拟的使用仪器和另外的资源优良的介绍给继续的研究。虚拟的使用仪器是什么? 藉由虚拟的使用仪器，以使用者需求为基础的软件定义泛用型的测量和控制硬件功能性。虚拟的使用仪器联合像个人计算机这样的主流商业技术，藉由有柔性的软件和各式各样的测量和控制硬件，因此，工程师和科学家能产生会他们的精确申请需要的使用者定义的系统。藉由虚拟的使用仪器，工程师和科学家减少发展时间，设计较高的质量产品，而且降低他们的设计费用。

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请各位大虾帮忙翻译一下：: Withmorethan6millionnewmeasurementchannelssoldlastyear，NationalInstrumentsisaworldwideleaderinvirtualinstrumentation.Engineershaveusedvirtualinstrumentationformorethan25y... With more than 6 million new measurement channels sold last year， National Instruments is a worldwide leader in virtual instrumentation. Engineers have used virtual instrumentation for more than 25 years to bring the power of flexible software and PC technology to test， control， and design applications making accurate analog and digital measurements from DC to 2.7 GHz. This document provides an excellent introduction to virtual instrumentation as well as additional resources for continued research. What is virtual instrumentation? With virtual instrumentation， software based on user requirements defines general-purpose measurement and control hardware functionality. Virtual instrumentation combines mainstream commercial technologies， such as the PC， with flexible software and a wide variety of measurement and control hardware， so engineers and scientists can create user-defined systems that meet their exact application needs. With virtual instrumentation， engineers and scientists reduce development time， design higher quality products， and lower their design costs. 展开

请帮忙翻译一下，拜托: A new kind of TiO2 nanotube array/Ni(OH)2 (TiO2/Ni(OH)2) composite electrode with the storage ability of light energy was prepared by the deposition of Ni(OH)2 on the TiO2 nanotube array， which was synthesized by anodizing Ti foils in an HF... A new kind of TiO2 nanotube array/Ni(OH)2 (TiO2/Ni(OH)2) composite electrode with the storage ability of light energy was prepared by the deposition of Ni(OH)2 on the TiO2 nanotube array， which was synthesized by anodizing Ti foils in an HF aqueous solution. SEM and XRD results showed that Ni(OH)2 particles were well distributed on high density， well-ordered and uniform TiO2 nanotube arrays. The photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode were investigated in NaHCO3/NaOH buffer solution (pH 10) by means of UV–vis absorption spectra， cyclic voltammogram (CV) and photocurrent measurements. It was found that the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode was highly sensitive to light and exhibited excellent photoelectrochromic properties. Upon UV irradiation， the photogenerated holes by TiO2 nanotube arrays can oxidize Ni(OH)2 to NiOOH， and thus the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode can be photo-charged by light。1. Introduction Among many visible light photocatalysts， TiO2nanostructures have attracted much attention due to high photocatalytic activ-ity， nontoxicity， chemical stability and huge potential applications [1–6]. The TiO2 nanotube array is one of most attention-getting TiO2nanostructures because of large surface area and outstanding charge transport properties. TiO2nanotube arrays can be utilized in dye-sensitized solar cells[7–9]， photocatalysis and hydrogen gas sensing [10]. So far， a variety of methods have been attempted to prepare TiO2 nanotube arrays， such as hydrothermal synthe-sis[11]， Langmuir–Blodgett technique [12]， solution casting [13] and anodization technique[10，14]， etc. Among these methods， the anodization technique has many advantages of low cost， low tem-perature and easy to be scaled up to large-area preparation. Recently， anewkindof photo-functional systemwith theenergy storage ability has been developed by coupling TiO2 photosen-sitive electrode with energy storage materials. In Takahashi and Tatsuma’swork[15]，aTiO2/Ni(OH)2bilayer thinfilmwas suggested for the oxidative energy storage. In this case， a redox-activep-type semiconductor Ni(OH)2is coupled withn-type TiO2photocatalyst to formap–njunction，WhenTiO2is illuminatedby light， holesgen-erated at the junction are separated from excited electrons， trans-ported into the bulk of Ni(OH)2and oxidized Ni(OH)2to NiOOH. Therefore， the oxidative energy storage system was constructed 展开

请高手帮忙翻译一下 3: 2.2.1. Physical and physicochemical characterization The particle size distribution of the Ch-zeolite was determined using a laser diffraction equipment (CILASk 1064) and standard wet sieving (Mesh Tylerk series). Scanning electron mic... 2.2.1. Physical and physicochemical characterization The particle size distribution of the Ch-zeolite was determined using a laser diffraction equipment (CILASk 1064) and standard wet sieving (Mesh Tylerk series). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-PHILIPSk XL20) was used for photomicrographs as well as to analyse the Ch-zeolite composition (Energy Dispersion X-ray， EDX). The sample was initially placed in a vacuum chamber for coating with a thin layer (few nanometers) of gold (Au). The specific surface area of the material was measured by the methylene blue technique and by nitrogen gas adsorption methods， with the latter also providing information about particle porosity. In the methylene blue adsorption method， aqueous solutions (50 ml) of methylene blue (100 mg l 1) were agitated using an orbital shaker (Marconik) for an hour at room temperature in the presence of different quantities of the Ch-zeolite (0.05–0.3 g). The suspensions were then allowed to settle for 23 h and the resulting supernatants were centrifuged at 5000 rpm before the analysis of the residual methylene blue concentration. Results obtained correspond to averaged values of three different experiments. The specific surface area was evaluated by the Langmuir model， assuming the formation， at high concentrations， of a dye monolayer and 1.08 nm2 molecule 1， for the cross-sectional area (Van den Hul and Lyklema， 1968). The Ch-zeolite specific surface area was evaluated by the nitrogen gas adsorption method， using automated equipment (Autosorb 1-Quantachrome Instrumentsk)， employing multipoint BET isotherm adsorption data fitting. Also from these data， the porosity of the material was evaluated through parameters such as volume of total pores (d < 206 nm)， surface area and volume of micropores (d < 2 nm; Micropore Analysis Method). Zeta potential measurements for the natural and ammonia loaded zeolite， as a function of medium pH， were determined using a Zeta Plusk equipment (Brookhaven Instruments). Suspensions (0.01% v/v) of the Ch-zeolite， previously sieved below 37 Am (400 Mesh Tylerk)， in a 10 3 mol l 1 solution of KNO3 were used and the medium pH was controlled with the addition of HNO3 (pH< 7) and KOH (pH>7)， separately. For the Ch-zeolite saturated with ammonia， suspensions of the material were prepared by the same procedure， except that the sample was loaded with 100 mg NH3–N l 1 of ammonia. 展开

请专家帮忙翻译一下，谢谢！: 粒度检测方法与优缺点比较粉末粒度分布的测量方法经过百余年的发展，据统计至少已经发展了上百种，但随着科技的发展，有些方法被逐步淘汰，有些方法得到了改进和发展（如激光散射法、动态光散射等），并在生产、科研中得到了广泛的应用，现在普遍使用的测量... 粒度检测方法与优缺点比较粉末粒度分布的测量方法经过百余年的发展，据统计至少已经发展了上百种，但随着科技的发展，有些方法被逐步淘汰，有些方法得到了改进和发展（如激光散射法、动态光散射等），并在生产、科研中得到了广泛的应用，现在普遍使用的测量方法有筛分法、显微图像法、光透沉降法、激光散射（衍射）法等几种，下面简单介绍几种常用的粒度测量方法。 ▲ 筛分法是一种具有很长历史的粒度测定方法，筛分法粒度测量是利用一组筛孔大小不同的标准筛将粉末进行筛分，然后对每个筛上样品分别进行称重，进而得到以质量为量纲的粒度分布数据，并可由分布结果计算出如Dv50等其它参数。筛分滶要特点是测量成本低廉，操作简单，但存在着如重复性差，测量时间较长，不能对5um以下的颗粒进行测量等缺点。 ▲显微图像分析法利用光学或电子显微镜及计算机图像识别技术对颗粒粒度及粒度分布，颗粒形貌进行测量，分析的方法。这种方法不仅能够测量粒度分布而且能够直接观察到颗粒的形状，是目前唯yi的一种可目视的直观测试方法，这种特点也是其它粒度测量仪器所不具备。这种方法的优点是直观、简便、费用低，缺点是由于取样量很少，为使测量结果代表性，必须增加待测颗粒的个数（一般认为测量颗粒的个数应在1000个以上），这就相应啬了测量时间，及测试人员的工作强度，但由于能够对颗粒形貌（如长径比等）进行测量，目前也有广泛应用。 ▲光透沉降法沉降法粒度测试的理论基础是斯托克司定律和比尔定律。前者给出颗粒沉降速度与粒径的关系，后者阐明光透过率与粒径重量的关系。可简单的描述为：在沉降液中，有若干相同比重的颗粒，如果同一时刻，从同一位置开始下降，则不同直径的颗粒到达测量区的时间是不同的，根据颗粒到达测量区的时间，及光强的强弱，就可以计算出颗粒的粒径，及相应粒径的颗粒在颗粒群中占有的比例。采用此种原理的测量仪器有比较长的使用历史，但随着科技的发展和测量手段的进步，此方法的缺点也日益突出，如测量时间长，重复性误差大等。 ▲ 激光散射法颗粒测量仪器是以富朗和菲衍射（Fraunhofer diffraction）和米氏散射（Mie scattering）为理论基础。此理论可以简单理解为沿直线传播的平行激光束，在传播过程中遇到颗粒的遮挡后，传播方向发生了改变（即发生了衍射和散射现象），并且大颗粒使激光改变的角度小，小颗粒改变大。（实际上是由于颗粒的遮挡在无限远处形成了一个爱里斑，爱里斑87%的能量集中在ZX亮环，且颗粒直径越大，ZX环越小，颗粒直径越小ZX亮环越大）。如果能在不同角度上接收光能，对于相应的的角度，其光能是对应直径的颗粒集合发生衍射（散射）造成的，相应其他角度上光能的强弱也就反应了对应直径颗粒在整个颗粒集合中占有的比例。 ▲ 采用激光粒度测量仪器相对于光透沉降粒度测量仪器具有很多优点： 1. 原理先进，并且由于测试过程中没有需要预先设定的参数（如样品比重、介质黏度、环境温度等），及在测量过程中随时改变的条件，因此测量结果准确、可靠。 2. 测量速度快，测试时间与样品粒度分布无关，典型测试过程一般小于一分钟； 3. 每次测试，多次对样品进行扫描，测试结果重复性好； 4. 进样方式种类多，可适用于各种类样品。展开

请各位高手帮忙翻译一下专有名词: 针规，推拉力计不胜感激:

急求翻译请帮忙翻译一下这篇英文资料，急用！！！！: Wells-BrookfieldCone/PlateRapidDeterminationOfAbsoluteViscosityIntroductionTheWells-BrookfieldCone/PlateViscometergivesresearchersasophisticatedinstrumentforroutinelydete... Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Rapid Determination Of Absolute Viscosity Introduction The Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Viscometer gives researchers a sophisticated instrument for routinely determining absolute viscosity of fluids in small sample volumes. Its cone and plate geometry provides the precision necessary for development of complete rheological data. Principle of Operation The Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Viscometer is a precise torque meter which is driven at discrete rotational speeds. The torque measuring system， which consists of a calibrated beryllium-copper spring connecting the drive mechanism to a rotating cone， senses the resistance to rotation caused by the presence of sample fluid between the cone and a stationary flat plate. The resistance to the rotation of the cone produces a torque that is proportional to the shear stress in the fluid. The amount of torque is indicated either on a dial or digital display， depending on model. This reading is easily converted to absolute centipoise units (mPa.s) from pre-calculated range charts. Alternatively， viscosity can be calculated from the known geometric constants of the cone， the rate of rotation， and the stress related torque. See Range Tables The correct relative position of cone and plate is obtained by following a simple mechanical procedure without the need for external gauges or supplementary instrumentation. The stationary plate forms the bottom of a sample cup which can be removed， filled with .5 ml to 2.0 ml of sample fluid (depending on cone in use)， and remounted without disturbing the calibration. The sample cup is jacketed and has tube fittings for connection to a constant temperature circulating bath. The system is accurate to within ?.0% of the working range. Reproducibility is to within ?.2%. Working temperature range is from 0oC to 100oC. 展开

尿检结果请各位帮忙分析一下急！！: BLD +3 *10.0mg/1 KET +1 * 1.0mmo1/1

帮忙翻译一下，谢谢: IFRS13willhelpincreasetransparencywhenentitiesusemodelstomeasurefairvalue，particularlywhenusersneedmoreinformationaboutmeasurementuncertainty，suchaswhenthemarketforanasse... IFRS 13 will help increase transparency when entities use models to measure fair value， particularly when users need more information about measurement uncertainty， such as when the market for an asset or a liability has become less active. IFRS 13 requires entities to disclose information about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value， as well as information about the uncertainty inherent in fair value measurements (which was of particular concern during the global fi nancial crisis). Some of those disclosures， including the fair value hierarchy， were already introduced in March 2009 through an amendment to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. Those disclosures have been relocated to IFRS 13. The requirements in IFRS 13 also incorporate the guidance in a FASB Staff Position (FSP) issued in April 2009. 展开

帮忙翻译一下，万分感谢: 说明一下860DSP是一个信号测量仪器的型号 Here is a good explanation of how the 860 in spectrum mode uses the different settings like dwell wide， narrow， and averaging to look at the spectrum data differently. 860 DSPI Spectrum Analyzer Set... 说明一下860DSP是一个信号测量仪器的型号 Here is a good explanation of how the 860 in spectrum mode uses the different settings like dwell wide， narrow， and averaging to look at the spectrum data differently. 860 DSPI Spectrum Analyzer Settings Explanation In the 860 DSPI there are 3 different and unique spectrum analyzer “Detectors”. These detectors may alter the view of a signals appearance， depending on which is selected. Each detector can show a different picture on the same signal because of the way the detector functions. An important selection to our spectrum analyzer is the amount of digital snap shots to be taken. This will be the amount of digital snapshots that is taken in the allocated bandwidth before showing a picture. With this said， the more sampling that is put into the spectrum analyzer the slower it will seem to update， but more opportunity to capture ingress and other interference that can happen inside a cable plant. Dwell Wide- Dwell Wide takes the largest snapshot out of the amount taken， then the 7.5 MHz spectrum is peak held as the 860 DSPI tunes across the selected frequencies in 250 kHz steps. Example: In Dwell Wide， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will dwell or sit on a portion of the spectrum defined above， take 32 snap shots， and then display the picture with the max amplitude before moving on to the next portion of bandwidth. Dwell Narrow- Dwell Narrow takes the largest snapshot out of the amount taken， then a 250 kHz spectrum slice is peak held as the 860 DSPI tunes across the selected frequencies in 250 kHz steps. The difference between Dwell Narrow and Dwell Wide is that Dwell Narrow only peak holds across a 250 kHz slice， where as Dwell wide peak holds the entire 7.5 MHz. Example: In Dwell Narrow， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will go to the first 7.5 MHz of the spectrum it will look at a 250 kHz slice of the 7.5 MHz and take its 32 samples. These 32 samples will be done in a peak hold fashion， then display the sample that contains the largest signal. Averaging: This detector when selected looks at a 7.5 MHz portion of the spectrum. When it tunes to the first 7.5 MHz portion of the spectrum， it takes into account how much sampling is selected， then takes it’s digital snapshots on the entire 7.5 MHz， averages those pictures together， then shows the final averaged picture. This detector is used for looking at large amounts of bandwidth. Example: In Averaging， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will go to the first 7.5 MHz of the spectrum， take it’s 32 digital snap shots， average those together， and show the average of the 32 snapshots. 展开

英语高手帮忙翻译一下: ThequalitysystemofthecompanyisinconformitywithISO9002.Makingcomprehensiveuseofbiotechnology，thecompanyspecializesinmanufacturingandsellingC-4seriesorganicacidsandchiralpr... The quality system of the company is in conformity with ISO 9002 . Making comprehensive use ofbiotechnology， the company specializes in manufacturing and selling C-4series organic acids and chiral products. These products are widely used in many fields such as food， phamaceutical and chemical industries， and are well accepted by the overseas markets. The man products are L-Malic acid ， DL-Malic acid， L(+)-Tartaric acid ， Fumaric acid， Maleic acid and other organic acids. Annual productivity amounts to 20，000 tones. The company has become an important manufacturer of C-4 series organic acids in the world . All the products of the company have respectively met the different international aadvanced standards such as Food chemicals Codex， U.S. Pharmacopoeia ，British Pharmacopoeia and the products have obtained Star-K Kosher certificate. Above 70% of the Companys products are exported to Japan， Europe， Australias， the United states and middle East ， and they are renown and well recognized in the international markets. The company will devote itself to research and development of enzyme technology and organic electrochemistry. It will continuously introduce new food additives， chiral pharmaceutical intermediates， chiral auxiliaries and chiral drugs. Depending on superior quality， good service and high reputation， the company is willing to establish a long-term mutually beneficial business partnership with overseas customers and continue contribute to the happy life of humans. 展开

50分！高手帮忙翻译一下: LabVIEWisapowerfulandcomplexprogrammingenvironment.LabVIEWisshortforLaboratoryVirtualInstrumentEngineeringWorkbench.Itisapowerfulandflexibleinstrumentationandanalysissoft... LabVIEW is a powerful and complex programming environment. LabVIEW is short for Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench. It is a powerful and flexible instrumentation and analysis software development application created by the folks at National Instruments—a company that creates hardware and software products that leverage computer technology to help engineers and scientists take measurements， control processes， and analyze and storem data. National Instruments was founded over twenty-five years ago in Austin， Texas by James Truchard (known as Dr. T)， Jeffrey Kodosky， and William Nowlin. At the time， all three men were working on sonar applications for the U.S. Navy at the Applied Research Laboratories at The University of Texas at Austin. Searching for a way to connect test equipment to DEC PDP-11 computers， Dr. T decided to develop an interface bus. He recruited Jeff and Bill to join him in his endeavor， and together they successfully developed LabVIEW and the notion of a “virtual instrument.” In the process they managed to infuse their new company—National Instruments—with an entrepreneurial spirit that still pervades the company today. Engineers and scientists in research， development， production， test， and service industries as diverse as automotive， semiconductor， aerospace， electronics， chemical， telecommunications， and pharmaceutical have used and continue touse LabVIEW to support their work. LabVIEW is a major player in the area of testing and measurements， industrial automation， and data analysis. For example， scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory used LabVIEW to analyze and display Mars Pathfinder Sojourner rover engineering data， including the position and temperature of the rover， how much power remained in the rover’s battery， and generally to monitor Sojourner’s overall health. LabVIEW provides an extensive library of virtual instruments and functions to help you in your programming. It includes conventional program debugging tools with which you can set breakpoints， single-step through the program， and animate the execution so you can observe the flow of data. 毕业设计急用，望高手帮忙翻译一下展开

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翻译翻译，请高手帮我翻译一下这个说明: Followthesysteminstallationinstructionscarefullyandinthespecifiedorder.ThesoftwaremustbeinstalledonthecomputerbeforeconnectingtheUSBcable.2.1FacilitiesRequirementsFacilit... Follow the system installation instructions carefully and in the specified order. The software must be installed on the computer before connecting the USB cable. 2.1 Facilities Requirements Facilities requirements for the alpha-SE system are listed in Table 2-1 and the system dimensions are given in Fig. 2-1. As shown in Fig. 2-2， the alpha-SE tool requires a clear work area of 20 by 18 inches (500 by 460 mm)， excluding the operator computer. 2.2 Unpacking the Hardware Opening the Shipping Container Move the alpha-SE shipping container to the area where the tool will be installed. Open the container and remove the top and side pieces of packing foam. Carefully remove all smaller components from the shipping container， verifying that you received all components， as shown in Fig. 2-3. Finally， remove the alpha-SE ellipsometer and position it on your clear 20” by 18” (510 by 460 mm) workspace. Caution: The alpha-SE ellipsometer without sample chuck weighs approximately 37 lbs. (16 kg.). Please find an assistant to lift the alpha-SE unit out of the shipping carton and on to clear work surface. 展开

跪求（急求）帮忙翻译一下: 无机前处理室主要开展食品样品中无机检测进仪器前的预处理工作。通过向食品样品中加入强氧化性酸，采用微波消解技术或电热板加热技术使被测无机组分从复杂的样品中分离出来，除去对分... 无机前处理室主要开展食品样品中无机检测进仪器前的预处理工作。通过向食品样品中加入强氧化性酸，采用微波消解技术或电热板加热技术使被测无机组分从复杂的样品中分离出来，除去对分析测定有干扰的基本物质，制成便于测定的溶液形式。样品的预处理过程都是在无机前处理室进行的。主要仪器：ETHOS A微波消解仪、SD500电热板、Mill-Q Advandage A10超纯水仪等。光谱室主要开展食品、饮用水等样品中重金属元素含量检测工作，各类仪器针对不同的物质进行检测有其各自的优势。原子吸收光谱仪耶拿ZEEnie-700系列仪器主要用于铅、镉、铜、铬、锰、锌、铁、钙、镁、钾、钠等项目检测，双道原子荧光光度计吉天AFS-820a系列仪器主要用于砷、汞、锡等项目检测。光谱分析技术已经被广泛应用于食品和水质检测、环境保护、医药卫生等领域。主要仪器：原子吸收光谱仪耶拿ZEEnie-700系列、双道原子荧光光度计AFS-820a系列。承检项目：食品、饮用水中重金属铅、镉、铜、铬、锰、锌、铁、钙、镁、钾、钠、砷、汞、锡等。要英文的谢谢展开

求日语日文翻译帮忙翻译一下。。。万分感谢: 请求项2记载の透明硬脆材料のレーザ加工装置において、前记半透过ミラー及び前记反射ミラーにおける凹面のそれぞれの焦点位置が、同位置となるよう配置したことを特徴とするレーザ加工装置。

请高手帮我翻译一下这一段。。。: Carbonnanomaterialsarenovelmanufacturedmaterials，havingwidespreadpotentialapplications.Adsorptionofhydrophobicorganiccompounds(HOCs)bycarbonnanomaterialsmayenhancetheirto... Carbon nanomaterials are novel manufactured materials， having widespread potential applications. Adsorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) by carbon nanomaterials may enhance their toxicity and affect the fate， transformation， and transport of HOCs in the environment. In this research， adsorption of naphthalene， phenanthrene， and pyrene onto six carbon nanomaterials， including fullerenes， single-walled carbon nanotubes ， and multiwalled carbon nanotubes was investigated， which is the first systematic study on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sorption by various carbon nanomaterials. All adsorption isotherms were nonlinear and were fitted well by the Polanyi-Manes model (PMM). Through both isotherm modeling and constructing “characteristic curve”， Polanyi theory was useful to describe the adsorption process of PAHs by the carbon nanomaterials. The three fitted parameters (Q0， a， and b) of PMM depended on both PAH properties and the nature of carbon nanomaterials. For different PAHs， adsorption seems to relate with their molecular size， i.e.， the larger the molecular size， the lower the adsorbed volume capacity (Q0)， but higher a and b values. For different carbon nanomaterials， adsorption seems to relate with their surface area， micropore volume， and the volume ratios of mesopore to micropore. Quantitative relationships between these sorbent properties and the estimated parameters of PMM were obtained. These relationships may represent a first fundamental step toward establishing empirical equations for quantitative prediction of PAH adsorption by carbon nanomaterials and possibly other forms of carbonaceous (geo-) sorbents， and for evaluating their environmental impact. In addition， high adsorption capacity of PAHs by carbon nanotubes may add to their high environmental risks once released to the environment， and result in potential alteration of PAHs fate and bioavailability in the environment. 展开

各位大虾帮我简单翻译一下谢谢！只要简单复杂了就不是我的水平了！！: 摘要: 目的生物制品原辅材料踢的生物负载量是药品生产环境中所污染的微生物来源之一，本论文对生物制品中经常用到的磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠、聚乙二醇4000、蛋白胨、酵母粉、聚山梨酯80、醋酸钠7 种原辅材料进行生物负载量研究。方法采用薄膜过滤法 (尺寸50... 摘要: 目的生物制品原辅材料踢的生物负载量是药品生产环境中所污染的微生物来源之一，本论文对生物制品中经常用到的磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠、聚乙二醇4000、蛋白胨、酵母粉、聚山梨酯80、醋酸钠7 种原辅材料进行生物负载量研究。方法采用薄膜过滤法 (尺寸50mm，孔径 0145∧m)进行集菌过滤，分别用玫瑰红钠琼脂培养基，马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基，胰酪大豆琼脂培养基进行培养，统计出样品中所含霉菌、酵母菌、需氧菌的数量。结果聚山梨酯80、聚乙二醇4000 中未检出微生物，负载量极低; 蛋白胨、酵母粉中检出的微生物含量超过5000 个g，生物负载量很高; 无机盐类的醋酸钠、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸氢二钠的负载量比较低，但是存在污染的方险。结论在原辅材料的使用过程中，应注意它们所带微生物对生产环境的污染，尤其是蛋白胨、酵母粉等高含菌量原料的污染关键词: 生物负载量; 原辅材料; 薄膜过滤法展开

过于质谱的，请帮忙翻译。: Molecularionsatm/z=494.3，496.3，518.3，520.3，522.3，and524.3，indicativeofLPCcontainingC16:1，C16:0，C18:3，C18:2，C18:1，andC18:0fattyacidsatsn-1position，weredetectedC16:1具体指的... Molecular ions at m/z = 494.3， 496.3，518.3， 520.3， 522.3， and 524.3， indicative of LPC containing C16:1， C16:0， C18:3， C18:2， C18:1， and C18:0 fatty acids at sn-1 position， were detected C16:1具体指的是什么呀？是16C，含一个双键吗？？还有sn指的是什么位置呀？展开

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