药学的干热灭菌名词解释

乐观的ck1234 2015-11-09 15:22:23 377 浏览

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射手神* 2015-11-10 00:00:00

名词解释 1.非药：不需凭执业医师或执业助理医生的，消费者可以自行判断购买和使用的药品。 2.药：必须凭执业医师或执业助理医师的才可以调配、购买，并在医生指导下使用的药物。 3.冷冻干燥技术：是将含有大量水分的物质，预先进行降温冻结成固体，在真空条件下使冰直接升华为蒸汽而进行干燥的方法。 4.无菌制剂：系指采用某一无菌操作方法或技术制备的不含有任何活的微生物繁殖体和芽孢的一类药物制剂。 5.灭菌制剂：用某一物理、化学方法杀灭或除去所有活的微生物繁殖体和芽孢的一类药物制剂。 6.HLB值（亲水亲油平衡值）：表面活性剂分子中亲水和亲油基团对油或水的综合亲和力称为亲水亲油平衡值。 7.中药浸出技术：系指用适当的溶剂或方法，从药材（动、植物）中浸出有效成分的工艺技术。 8.药物剂型定义（混悬剂、乳剂等等）： 9.热源：注射后能引起人体致热反应的物质称为热源

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药学的干热灭菌名词解释:

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药学英语翻译: Havingbrieflyexaminedthestructureoforganicpackingsandthevariousroutesintheirmanufacture，themostimportantfeaturesmaybesummarizedasfollows:>Hydrophilicaswellaslipophilicorg... Having briefly examined the structure of organic packings and the various routes in their manufacture， the most important features may be summarized as follows: > Hydrophilic as well as lipophilic organic packings are synthesized with a controlled pore and surface structure depending on the type of monomer/comonomer and the polymerization reaction. Surface structure can be altered by controlled consecutive surface reactions. > In accordance with the bulk composition， polymer packings are stable across almost the entire pH range， particularly under strong alkaline conditions. > Chemical stability is affected by oxidizing and reducing solutions. > Although cross-linking reactions have been optimised in as much as rigid pressure stable particles can be manufactured， some remaining swelling property is often noted when changing the solvent composition in HPLC. > As in the manufacture of silica， porosity， pore size， and surface area of polymer packings can be adjusted over a wide range， and micro-， meso-， and macro- as well as non-porous beads are synthesized reproducibly. 3.2.4.2 Hydrophobic Polymer Stationary Phases The synthesis of cross-linked copolymers of styrene and divinylbenzene has been studied intensively and is well documented. The starting monomer is styrene， and divinylbenzene (DVB) is used as cross-linker. The amount of DVB can reach up to 55wt.%. At 55% DVB， the copolymer shows practically no swelling and possesses a permanent porosity. Figure 3.21 illustrates the network structure of poly(styrenedivinylbenzene) (St-DVB). Commercial products differ in bead size and pore size. There are even non-porous products on the market， designed for the rapid separation of peptides and proteins by reversed phase HPLC (Maa and Horvath， 1988). St-DVB copolymers are stable in the pH range 0–14. They find increasing application in the separation of low molecular weight compounds， peptides， and proteins by means of reversed phase chromatography (Tanaka et al.， 1987， Tweeten and Tweeten， 1986) and as parent materials for the synthesis of derivatized packings in interaction chromatography of biopoly-mers (Unger et al.， 1987， Regnier， 1987). Numerous other organophilic polymer packings have been synthesized for size exclusion and interactive HPLC after suitable derivatization. They are reviewed in depth by Mikes (1988). 展开

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